The Supreme Court reversed the Federal Circuit's decision. The Court first addressed whether the word "substantial" refers to a quantitative or qualitative measurement. Looking at the statutory language of the Patent Act and the context, the Court concluded that "substantial" points to a quantitative meaning. The Court next addressed whether a single component can constitute a "substantial portion" as to trigger 271(f)(1) liability and the Court held that it cannot as the statute's use of "components" indicates that a "substantial portion" must have multiple components.
Full text of the opinion is available here.